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Gout or laymen say "uric acid" is a condition in which the body can not control the uric acid, so that the excessive uric acid crystals will accumulate in body tissues. Gout is marked by elevated levels of uric acid in the body and cause inflammation (inflammation) in the joints (arthritis). Gout, chronic (long term) can cause the buildup of uric acid in and around the joints, reducing kidney function and form kidney stones.
Cause
Uric acid is a substance formed by
Symptoms and Signs
The initial symptoms of gout arthritis is a hot, redness and swelling in the joints that typical and suddenly. Frequently affected joints are small joints at the base of the toes. Several others who may be affected joints are ankles, knees, wrists, fingers, and elbows. In patients with acute attacks of gout can cause symptoms of fever and severe pain which usually lasted for hours until the day, with or without treatment. Over time arthritis, gout attacks occur more often and longer.
Patients with gout increases the likelihood of the formation of kidney stones.
Uric acid crystals can form tophi (hard painless lumps around the joints) outside the joints.Tophi often found around your finger, at the end of the elbow and around my toes, apart from that can be found also on the ear, tendons achiles (area behind the ankle) and vocal cords (very rare). .jpg)
Additional Inspection
Gout disease is not easily diagnosed only by blood tests, because most people who have high uric acid levels are not affected by gout.
Additional examination of the most reliable for gout is finding uric acid crystals in the synovial fluid by joint aspiration (arthrocentesis). Arthrocentesis is a common procedure performed under local anesthesia. By using a sterile technique, fluid is taken from the inflamed joints using syringes and needles.
In addition, the diagnosis of gout can also by finding uric acid crystals from tophi lumps. 
Treatment
Gout is not curable, but can be treated and controlled. Symptoms within 24 hours will usually disappear after starting treatment.
Gout is generally treated with anti-inflammatory drugs. That includes:
• NSAIDs, like ibuprofen or naproxen, are commonly given to treat severe and sudden attacks, these medications reduce inflammation and pain bisasanya within a few hours.
• Corticosteroids may be given to people who can not use NSAIDs. Steroids decrease inflammation work. Steroid injection (injection) directly on the affected joints or taken in pill form.
• colchicine is often also used to treat inflammation in gout.
• Allupurinol can lower uric acid levels by suppressing the production of uric acid. These drugs work on the metabolism of uric acid by preventing changes in purine substances in food into uric acid. This medication is not recommended for people with poor kidney function, in addition, can cause side effects such as redness and liver damage.
Prevention
Foods that contain high protein, high-purine and has long been known to cause and increase the risk of gout.
• Restrictions purine
If there is swelling of the joints disorders gout sufferers should make a purine-free diet. But because almost all foods contain protein sources nucleoprotein then this is nearly impossible.So what should be done is to limit intake to 100-150 mg purine purine per day (normal diet usually contains 600-1000 mg purine per day). Eating foods containing purines, among others;
o Offal (heart, liver, tongue, kidney, intestines)
o Sardines
o Shells
o Herrings
o Nuts
o Spinach
o Shrimp
o Leaf melinjo
• Calorie needs
Total caloric intake should be properly adjusted to the body's needs based on height and weight. Patients with uric acid disorder is overweight, her weight should be reduced while maintaining total calorie consumption. Calorie intake is too little can also increase uric acid levels due to ketone bodies which will reduce spending through urine uric acid
• High carbohydrate
Complex carbohydrates such as rice, cassava, and sweet bread is best eaten by patients with disorders of uric acid because it will increase spending on uric acid through urine. This complex carbohydrate consumption should not be less than 100 grams per day. Simple carbohydrates fructose species such as sugar, candy, spun sugar, cotton candy, and syrup should be avoided because of fructose will increase uric acid levels in the blood.
• Low protein
Protein primarily derived from animals can raise levels of uric acid in the blood. Source of animal protein foods containing high amounts, such as liver, kidney, brain, lung and spleen. Protein intake recommended for patients with uric acid disorders amounted to 50-70 grams / day or 0.8 to 1 g / kg body weight / day. The recommended protein source is vegetable protein derived from milk, cheese and eggs.
• Low-fat
Fat may inhibit the excretion of uric acid through urine. Fried foods, bersantan, as well as margarine and butter should be avoided. Fat consumption should be as much as 15 percent of total calories. \
• High fluid
High fluid intake may help to remove uric acid through urine. Therefore, you are advised to spend as much as drinking a minimum of 2.5 liters or 10 cups a day. This can include drinking water cook the white water, tea, or coffee. Apart from the drinks, the liquid can be obtained through the fresh fruits that contain lots of water. Recommended fruits are watermelon, melon, cantaloupe, pineapple, sweet star fruit, guava and water. Apart from these fruits, other fruits may also be consumed because very few fruits contain purine. Fruits that should be avoided is the avocado and durian, because both have high fat content.
• Without alcohol
Based on research it is known that uric acid levels of those who consume alcohol than those who did not consume alcohol. This is because the alcohol will increase plasma lactic acid. This lactic acid will inhibit the body's expenditure of uric acid
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