Rheumatic Fever - complicated disease

Rheumatic fever is one of the inflammatory rheumatic disease caused by bacterial infection of A beta hemolytic Streptococcus. Germs are often nested in a tooth infection or throat infection and is usually much attacking children aged 5-15 years.

Heart inflammation (Carditis) and Pollartritis (arthritis) is an acute manifestation of the most frequently found. Therefore the patient must be addressed before terkenan heart infection could be fatal.

Symptoms
Symptoms of the disease depends on

the person's age. In children and adolescents the main symptom is the feeling of fever accompanied by inflammation in the joints followed by infection of the heart and often found a lump under the skin. Whereas in adulthood, many of fever accompanied by inflammation of the joints. On the skin rash may also appear pink.

Joint pain in rheumatic fever usually appear suddenly and peaked within 12-24 hours. Pain attacks, especially on the knee and ankle joints. Pain will be gone within 2-6 weeks with or without treatment.

Treatment
The main treatment is to provide anti-inflammatory drugs and streptococcal eradication and prevention of streptococcal bacteria, such as routine dental examination and treatment of children with sore throat as early as possible. In addition to maintaining a healthy environment.

Dense population and inadequate economic socio be a major factor why the disease is still prevalent, especially in developing countries such as Africa, India and Southeast Asia.

Prevention
The best defense against rheumatic heart disease is to prevent rheumatic fever from ever happening. By treating strep throat with penicillin or other antibiotics, doctors can usually stop acute rheumatic fever from developing.
People who had rheumatic fever are more susceptible to repeated attacks and heart damage.That's why they will get continuous antibiotic treatment monthly or daily, probably for life. If their hearts have been damaged by rheumatic fever, they are also at increased risk for developing infective endocarditis (also known as bacterial endocarditis), infection of the heart lining or valves.
In 2007, the American Heart Association updated guidelines for prevention of endocarditis and concluded that there is no convincing evidence linking the teeth, digestive tract or genitourinari procedures with the development of endocarditis. The use of antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures now recommended ONLY for patients with the highest risk of poor outcome resulting from endocarditis, such as patients with artificial heart valves, previous endocarditis, or those with specific forms of congenital heart disease. Guidelines are no longer recommends prophylaxis before dental procedures for patients with rheumatic heart disease unless they also have one of the underlying heart conditions listed above.
Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent endocarditis is not only longer recommended for patients undergoing gastrointestinal procedures or genitourinari.

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